Schizophrenia Research
Volume 42, Issue 1 , Pages 41-46, 16 March 2000

Tardive dyskinesia is associated with impaired retrieval from long-term memory: the Curaçao Extrapyramidal syndromes study: IV

  • Lydia Krabbendam

      Affiliations

    • Maastricht Brain and Behavior Institute, Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Psychomedical Center Vÿver dal, P.O. Box 88, 6200 AB Maastricht, The Netherlands
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +31-43-3685325; fax: +31-43-3685317
    • ,
  • Peter N. van Harten

      Affiliations

    • Psychiatric Center Zon en Schild, P.O. Box 3051, 3800 DB, Amersfoort, The Netherlands
    • ,
  • Irving Picus

      Affiliations

    • Psychiatric Hospital, Dr D.R. Capriles Clinic, P.O. Box 3074, Curaçao, Netherlands Antilles
    • ,
  • Jelle Jolles

      Affiliations

    • Maastricht Brain and Behavior Institute, Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands

Received 8 November 1998; accepted 30 May 1999.

Abstract 

Tardive dyskinesia may be associated with cognitive dysfunction. It is not clear whether this dysfunction occurs in the form of a global or specific cognitive deficit. A cross-sectional study was conducted in a well-defined catchment area (Curaçao, The Netherlands Antilles). All schizophrenic inpatients who had been taking neuroleptic medication for at least 3months and who were younger than 65years were included (n=53). Tardive dyskinesia was assessed with the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale. The neuropsychological assessment comprised tests of memory, executive function, and speed of information processing. Of the six cognitive measures, only delayed recall was significantly associated with orofacial dyskinesia. Limb–truncal dyskinesia was not associated with any of the cognitive measures. The pattern of memory impairment is consistent with there being a frontal-subcortical disturbance in orofacial dyskinesia. The results underscore the importance of using specific cognitive test procedures in the search for the cognitive correlates of dyskinesia.

Keywords: Memory, Neuropsychology, Schizophrenia, Tardive dyskinesia

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PII: S0920-9964(99)00100-0

Schizophrenia Research
Volume 42, Issue 1 , Pages 41-46, 16 March 2000

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