Schizophrenia Research
Volume 42, Issue 1 , Pages 1-6 , 16 March 2000

If patients with schizophrenia have small brains, why don't they have small heads?

  • Lee Friedman

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry, School of medecine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +1-216-844-7485; fax: +1-216-844-5840. Present address: PO Box 385, Millheim, PA 16854, USA
    • ,
  • Ilse R Wiechers

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry, School of medecine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
    • ,
  • Cathleen A Cerny

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry, School of medecine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
    • ,
  • S.Charles Schulz

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry, School of medecine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
    • ,
  • Peter Buckley

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry, School of medecine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
    • Northcoast Behavioral Healthcare System, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA

Received 30 December 1998 ,Accepted 29 May 1999.

References 

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  3. Breier A, Buchanan RW, Elkashef A, Munson RC, Kirkpatrick B, Gellad F. Brain morphology and schizophrenia: a magnetic resonance imaging study of limbic, prefrontal cortex and caudate structures. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry. 1992;49:921–926
  4. Farkas LG. Anthropometry of the Head and Face. New York, NY: Raven Press; 1994;
  5. Giedd JN, Snell JW, Lange N, Rajapakse JC, Casey BJ, Kozuch PL, et al. Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging of human brain development: ages 4–18. Cereb. Cortex. 1996;6:551–560
  6. Gould SJ. The Mismeasure of Man. New York, NY: W.W. Norton; 1981;
  7. Kretschmann HJ, Kammradt G, Krauthhausen I, Sauer B, Wingert F. Brain growth in man. Bibl. Anat. 1986;28:1–26
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  12. Simmons K. Cranial capacities by both plastic and water techniques with cranial linear measurements of the Reserve collection; white and negro. Hum. Biol. 1942;14:473–498
  13. Stevens JR. Brain atrophy or dystrophy in schizophrenia: when did it happen?. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry. 1994;51:927
  14. Todd TW. Cranial capacity and linear dimensions in white and negro. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 1923;VI:97–194
  15. Todd TW, Lindala A. Thickness of the subcutaneous tissues in the living and the dead. Am. J. Anat. 1928;41:153–196
  16. Ward KE, Friedman L, Wise A, Schulz SC. Meta-analysis of brain and cranial size in schizophrenia. Schizophr. Res. 1996;22:197–213
  17. Winick M, Rosso P. Head circumference and cellular growth of the brain in normal and marasmic children. J. Pediatr. 1969;74:774–778

PII: S0920-9964(99)00098-5

Schizophrenia Research
Volume 42, Issue 1 , Pages 1-6 , 16 March 2000

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