Schizophrenia Research
Volume 118, Issue 1 , Pages 48-53 , May 2010

Severe injuries in adolescence predict psychosis: A nested case control study of the Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort

  • Suvi Luoma

      Affiliations

    • University of Oulu, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Finland
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. University of Oulu, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, P.O. BOX 5000, 90014 University of Oulu, Finland. Tel.: +358 8 315 2011; fax: +358 8 5562136.
  • ,
  • Helinä Hakko

      Affiliations

    • University of Oulu, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Finland
    • Oulu University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Finland
  • ,
  • Mauri Marttunen

      Affiliations

    • University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Department of Adolescent Psychiatry, Finland
    • National Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, Finland
  • ,
  • Anja Taanila

      Affiliations

    • University of Oulu, Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Public Science and General Practice, Finland
    • Oulu University Hospital, Unit of General Practice, Finland
  • ,
  • Sari Lindeman

      Affiliations

    • University of Oulu, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Finland
    • Oulu University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Finland

Received 28 August 2009 ,Revised 21 December 2009 ,Accepted 28 December 2009.

References 

  1. AbdelMalik P, Husted J, Chow EW, Bassett AS. Childhood head injury and expression of schizophrenia in multiply affected families. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry. 2003;60(3):231–236
  2. Blos P. On Adolescence. A Psychoanalytic Interpretation. New York: Free Press; 1962;
  3. Bull L. Children's non-accidental injuries at an accident and emergency department: does the age of the child and the type of injury matter?. Accid. Emerg. Nurs. 2006;14(3):155–159
  4. Cannon M, Jones P, Huttunen M, Tanskanen A, Murray RM. Motor coordination deficits as predictors of schizophrenia among Finnish school children. Hum. Psychopharmacol. 1999;14(7):491–497
  5. Chang DC, Knight V, Ziegfeld S, Haider A, Warfield D, Paidas C. The tip of the iceberg for child abuse: the critical roles of the pediatric trauma service and its registry. J. Trauma. 2004;57(6):1189–1198
  6. Erlenmeyer-Kimling L, Rock D, Roberts SA, Janal M, Kestenbaum C, Cornblatt B, et al. Attention, memory, and motor skills as childhood predictors of schizophrenia-related psychoses: the New York High-Risk Project. Am. J. Psychiatry. 2000;157(9):1416–1422
  7. Evans DL, Foa EB, Gur RE, Hendin H, O'Brien CP, Seligman MEP, et al. Treating and Preventing Adolescent Mental Health Disorders. Oxford University Press Inc; 2007;
  8. Harrison G, Whitley E, Rasmussen F, Lewis G, Dalman C, Gunnell D. Risk of schizophrenia and other non-affective psychosis among individuals exposed to head injury: case control study. Schizophr. Res. 2006;88(1–3):119–126
  9. Harvey SB, Dean K, Morgan C, Walsh E, Demjaha A, Dazzan P, et al. Self-harm in first-episode psychosis. Br. J. Psychiatry. 2008;192(3):178–184
  10. Isohanni M, Mäkikyrö T, Moring J, Räsänen P, Hakko H, Partanen U, et al. A comparison of clinical and research DSM-III-R diagnoses of schizophrenia in a Finnish national birth cohort. Soc. Psychiatry Psychiatr. Epidemiol. 1997;32(5):303–308
  11. Isohanni M, Jones PB, Moilanen K, Rantakallio P, Veijola J, Oja H, et al. Early developmental milestones in adult schizophrenia and other psychoses. A 31-year follow-up of the Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort. Schizophr. Res. 2001;52(1–2):1–19
  12. Kendler KS, O'Neill FA, Burke J, Murphy B, Duke F, Straub RE, et al. Irish study of high-density schizophrenia families: field methods and power to detect linkage. Am. J. Med. Genet. 1996;67(2):121–138
  13. Keshavarz R, Kawashima R, Low C. Child abuse and neglect presentations to a pediatric emergency department. J. Emerg. Med. 2002;23(4):341–345
  14. Lyons RA, Delahunty AM, Kraus D, Heaven M, McCabe M, Allen H, et al. Children's fractures: a population based study. Inj. Prev. 1999;5(2):129–132
  15. Malaspina D, Goetz RR, Friedman JH, Kaufmann CA, Faraone SV, Tsuang M, et al. Traumatic brain injury and schizophrenia in members of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder pedigrees. Am. J. Psychiatry. 2001;158(3):440–446
  16. Mann JJ. A current perspective of suicide and attempted suicide. Ann. Intern. Med. 2002;136(4):302–311
  17. Mattila VM, Parkkari J, Niemi S, Kannus P. Injury-related deaths among Finnish adolescents in 1971–2002. Injury. 2005;36(9):1016–1021
  18. Mattila V, Pelkonen M, Henriksson M, Marttunen M. Injury risk in young psychiatric outpatients. An 11-year follow-up of 302 adolescents. Soc. Psychiatry Psychiatr. Epidemiol. 2008;43(8):627–634
  19. Moilanen K, Veijola J, Läksy K, Mäkikyrö T, Miettunen J, Kantojärvi L, et al. Reasons for the diagnostic discordance between clinicians and researchers in schizophrenia in the Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort. Soc. Psychiatry Psychiatr. Epidemiol. 2003;38(6):305–310
  20. Murray GK, Jones PB, Moilanen K, Veijola J, Miettunen J, Cannon TD, et al. Infant motor development and adult cognitive functions in schizophrenia. Schizophr. Res. 2006;81(1):65–74
  21. Nielsen AS, Mortensen PB, O'Callaghan E, Mors O, Ewald H. Is head injury a risk factor for schizophrenia?. Schizophr. Res. 2002;55(1–2):93–98
  22. Niemi LT, Suvisaari JM, Tuulio-Henriksson AT, Lönnqvist JK. Childhood developmental abnormalities in schizophrenia: evidence from high-risk studies. Schizophr. Res. 2003;60(2–3):239–258
  23. Nock M, Joiner T, Gordon K, Lloyd-Richardson E, Prinstein M. Non-suicidal self-injury among adolescents: diagnostic correlates and relation to suicide attempts. Psychiatry Res. 2006;144(1):65–72
  24. Poikolainen K. Accuracy of hospital discharge data: five alcohol-related diseases. Drug Alcohol. Depend. 1983;12(4):315–322
  25. Rantakallio P. Groups at risk in low birth weight infants and perinatal mortality. Acta Paediatr. Scand. 1969;193:1–71
  26. Rantakallio P. Social background of mothers who smoke during pregnancy and influence of these factors on the off-spring. Soc. Sci. Med. 1979;13:423–429
  27. Read J, Van Os J, Morrison AP, Ross CA. Childhood trauma, psychosis and schizophrenia: a literature review with theoretical and clinical implications. Acta Psychiatr. Scand. 2005;112(5):330–350
  28. Rosso IM, Bearden CE, Hollister JM, Gasperoni TL, Sanchez LE, Hadley T, et al. Childhood neuromotor dysfunction in schizophrenia patients and their unaffected siblings: a prospective cohort study. Schizophr. Bull. 2000;26(2):367–378
  29. Schwebel DC, Gaines J. Pediatric unintentional injury: behavioural risk factors and implications for prevention. J. Dev. Behav. Pediatr. 2007;28(3):245–254
  30. Silk JS, Steinberg L, Morris AS. Adolescents' emotion regulation in daily life: links to depressive symptoms and problem behaviour. Child Dev. 2003;74(6):1869–1880
  31. Sowell ER, Thompson PM, Toga AW. Mapping changes in the human cortex throughout the span of life. Neuroscientist. 2004;10(4):372–392
  32. Tienari P, Wynne LC, Moring J, Läksy K, Nieminen P, Sorri A, et al. Finnish adoptive family study: sample selection and adoptee DSM-III diagnoses. Acta Psychiatr. Scand. 2000;101(6):433–443
  33. Tienari P, Wynne LC, Läksy K, Moring J, Nieminen P, Sorri A, et al. Genetic boundaries of the schizophrenia spectrum: evidence from the Finnish Adoptive Family Study of Schizophrenia. Am. J. Psychiatry. 2003;160(9):1587–1594
  34. Wilkins KE, Aroojis AJ. The incidence of fractures in children. In:  Rockwood CA,  Wilkins KE,  Beaty JH,  Kasser JR editor. Rockwood and Wilkin's Fractures in Children. 6th ed.. Lippincott-Raven; 2006;p. 3–20

PII: S0920-9964(09)00622-7

doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2009.12.031

Schizophrenia Research
Volume 118, Issue 1 , Pages 48-53 , May 2010