Schizophrenia Research
Volume 116, Issue 2 , Pages 204-209 , February 2010

Reduced cortical thickness in first episode schizophrenia

  • C. Christoph Schultz

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 3, 07740 Jena, Germany
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +49 3641 9 35665; fax: +49 3641 9 35444.
    • ,
  • Kathrin Koch

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 3, 07740 Jena, Germany
    • ,
  • Gerd Wagner

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 3, 07740 Jena, Germany
    • ,
  • Martin Roebel

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 3, 07740 Jena, Germany
    • ,
  • Claudia Schachtzabel

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 3, 07740 Jena, Germany
    • ,
  • Christian Gaser

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 3, 07740 Jena, Germany
    • ,
  • Igor Nenadic

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 3, 07740 Jena, Germany
    • ,
  • Jürgen R. Reichenbach

      Affiliations

    • Medical Physics Group, Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 3, 07740 Jena, Germany
    • ,
  • Heinrich Sauer

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 3, 07740 Jena, Germany
    • ,
  • Ralf G.M. Schlösser

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 3, 07740 Jena, Germany

Received 12 August 2009 ,Revised 20 October 2009 ,Accepted 2 November 2009.

References 

  1. Annett M. The binomial distribution of right, mixed and left handedness. Q.J. Exp. Psychol. 1967;19:327–333
  2. Benes FM, Bird ED. An analysis of the arrangement of neurons in the cingulate cortex of schizophrenic patients. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry. 1987;44:608–616
  3. Benes FM, Davidson J, Bird ED. Quantitative cytoarchitectural studies of the cerebral cortex of schizophrenics. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1986;43:31–35
  4. Buchanan RW, Francis A, Arango C, Miller K, Lefkowitz DM, McMahon RP, et al. Morphometric assessment of the heteromodal association cortex in schizophrenia. Am. J. Psychiatry. 2004;161:322–331
  5. Dale AM, Fischl B, Sereno MI. Cortical surface-based analysis. I. Segmentation and surface reconstruction. Neuroimage. 1999;9:179–194
  6. Fischl B, Dale AM. Measuring the thickness of the human cerebral cortex from magnetic resonance images. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2000;97:11050–11055
  7. Fischl B, Sereno MI, Dale AM. Cortical surface-based analysis. II: inflation, flattening, and a surface-based coordinate system. Neuroimage. 1999;9:195–207
  8. Fornito A, Yucel M, Wood SJ, Adamson C, Velakoulis D, Saling MM, et al. Surface-based morphometry of the anterior cingulate cortex in first episode schizophrenia. Hum. Brain Mapp. 2008;29:478–489
  9. Genovese CR, Lazar NA, Nichols T. Thresholding of statistical maps in functional neuroimaging using the false discovery rate. Neuroimage. 2002;15:870–878
  10. Goldman AL, Pezawas L, Mattay VS, Fischl B, Verchinski BA, Chen Q, et al. Widespread reductions of cortical thickness in schizophrenia and spectrum disorders and evidence of heritability. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry. 2009;66:467–477
  11. Honea R, Crow TJ, Passingham D, Mackay CE. Regional deficits in brain volume in schizophrenia: a meta-analysis of voxel-based morphometry studies. Am. J. Psychiatry. 2005;162:2233–2245
  12. Huttenlocher PR, Dabholkar AS. Regional differences in synaptogenesis in human cerebral cortex. J. Comp. Neurol. 1997;387:167–178
  13. Kay SR, Fiszbein A, Opler LA. The positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull. 1987;13(2):261–276
  14. Koch K, Wagner G, Nenadic I, Schachtzabel C, Schultz C, Roebel M, et al. Fronto-striatal hypoactivation during correct information retrieval in patients with schizophrenia: an fMRI study. Neuroscience. 2008;153:54–62
  15. Kuperberg GR, Broome MR, McGuire PK, David AS, Eddy M, Ozawa F, et al. Regionally localized thinning of the cerebral cortex in schizophrenia. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry. 2003;60:878–888
  16. Nakamura M, Nestor PG, Levitt JJ, Cohen AS, Kawashima T, Shenton ME, et al. Orbitofrontal volume deficit in schizophrenia and thought disorder. Brain. 2008;131:180–195
  17. Narr KL, Bilder RM, Toga AW, Woods RP, Rex DE, Szeszko PR, et al. Mapping cortical thickness and gray matter concentration in first episode schizophrenia. Cereb. Cortex. 2005;15:708–719
  18. Narr KL, Toga AW, Szeszko P, Thompson PM, Woods RP, Robinson D, et al. Cortical thinning in cingulate and occipital cortices in first episode schizophrenia. Biol. Psychiatry. 2005;58:32–40
  19. Nesvag R, Lawyer G, Varnas K, Fjell AM, Walhovd KB, Frigessi A, et al. Regional thinning of the cerebral cortex in schizophrenia: effects of diagnosis, age and antipsychotic medication. Schizophr. Res. 2008;98:16–28
  20. Pearlson GD, Petty RG, Ross CA, Tien AY. Schizophrenia: a disease of heteromodal association cortex?. Neuropsychopharmacology. 1996;14:1–17
  21. Ross CA, Pearlson GD. Schizophrenia, the heteromodal association neocortex and development: potential for a neurogenetic approach. Trends Neurosci. 1996;19:171–176
  22. Schlösser RG, Koch K, Wagner G, Nenadic I, Roebel M, Schachtzabel C, et al. Inefficient executive cognitive control in schizophrenia is preceded by altered functional activation during information encoding: an fMRI study. Neuropsychologia. 2008;46:336–347
  23. Selemon LD, Rajkowska G, Goldman-Rakic PS. Abnormally high neuronal density in the schizophrenic cortex. A morphometric analysis of prefrontal area 9 and occipital area 17. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry. 1995;52:805–818discussion 819-20
  24. Selemon LD, Mrzljak J, Kleinman JE, Herman MM, Goldman-Rakic PS. Regional specificity in the neuropathologic substrates of schizophrenia: a morphometric analysis of Broca's area 44 and area 9. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry. 2003;60:69–77
  25. Sun D, Stuart GW, Jenkinson. M, Wood. SJ, McGorry. PD, Velakoulis. D, et al. Brain surface contraction mapped in first-episode schizophrenia: a longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging study. Mol. Psychiatry. 2009;14(10):976–986
  26. Venkatasubramanian G, Jayakumar PN, Gangadhar BN, Keshavan MS. Automated MRI parcellation study of regional volume and thickness of prefrontal cortex (PFC) in antipsychotic-naive schizophrenia. Acta Psychiatr. Scand. 2008;117:420–431
  27. Wiegand LC, Warfield SK, Levitt JJ, Hirayasu Y, Salisbury DF, Heckers S, et al. Prefrontal cortical thickness in first-episode psychosis: a magnetic resonance imaging study. Biol. Psychiatry. 2004;55:131–140
  28. Williams LM. Voxel-based morphometry in schizophrenia: implications for neurodevelopmental connectivity models, cognition and affect. Expert. Rev. Neurother. 2008;8:1049–1065

PII: S0920-9964(09)00548-9

doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2009.11.001

Schizophrenia Research
Volume 116, Issue 2 , Pages 204-209 , February 2010

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution