Schizophrenia Research
Volume 112, Issue 1 , Pages 7-13 , July 2009

The effect of ageing on grey and white matter reductions in schizophrenia

  • Subrata K. Bose

      Affiliations

    • MRC—Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, UK
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. PET Methodology, MRC—Clinical Sciences Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK. Tel.: +44 2083833725; fax: +44 2083831783.
    • These authors equally contributed to the paper.
    • ,
  • Toby Mackinnon

      Affiliations

    • MRC—Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, UK
    • These authors equally contributed to the paper.
    • ,
  • Mitul A. Mehta

      Affiliations

    • MRC—Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, UK
    • Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, UK
    • These authors equally contributed to the paper.
    • ,
  • Federico E. Turkheimer

      Affiliations

    • MRC—Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, UK
    • Division of Neuroscience & Mental Health, Imperial College London, UK
    • ,
  • Oliver D. Howes

      Affiliations

    • MRC—Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, UK
    • Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, UK
    • ,
  • Sudhakar Selvaraj

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
    • ,
  • Matthew J. Kempton

      Affiliations

    • Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, UK
    • ,
  • Paul M. Grasby

      Affiliations

    • MRC—Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, UK
    • Division of Neuroscience & Mental Health, Imperial College London, UK

Received 19 February 2009 ,Revised 18 April 2009 ,Accepted 21 April 2009.

References 

  1. Ananth H, Popescu I, Critchley HD, Good CD, Frackowiak RSJ, Dolan RJ. Cortical and subcortical gray matter abnormalities in schizophrenia determined through structural magnetic resonance imaging with optimized volumetric voxel-based morphometry. Am. J. Psychiatry. 2002;159:1497–1505
  2. Andreasen NC, Ehrhardt JC, Swayze VW, Alliger RJ, Yuh WT, Cohen G, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain in schizophrenia. The pathophysiologic significance of structural abnormalities. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry. 1990;47:35–44
  3. Arnold SE, Franz BR, Gur RC, Gur RE, Shapiro RM, Moberg PJ, et al. Smaller neuron size in schizophrenia in hippocampal subfields that mediate cortical–hippocampal interactions. Am. J. Psychiatr. 1995;152:738–748
  4. Ashburner J, Friston KJ. Unified segmentation. NeuroImage. 2005;26:839–851
  5. DeLisi LE. Regional brain volume change over the life-time course of schizophrenia. J. Psychiatr. Res. 1999;33:535–541
  6. DeLisi LE. Reviewing the “facts about schizophrenia”: a possible or impossible task?. Schizophr. Res. 2008;102:19–20
  7. DeLisi LE, Sakuma M, Maurizio AM, Relja M, Hoff AL. Cerebral ventricular change over the first 10 years after the onset of schizophrenia. Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging. 2004;130:57–70
  8. DeLisi LE, Sakuma M, Tew W, Kushner M, Hoff AL, Grimson R. Schizophrenia as a chronic active brain process: a study of progressive brain structural change subsequent to the onset of schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res. 1997;74:129–140
  9. DeLisi LE, Tew W, Xie S-h, Hoff AL, Sakuma M, Kushner M, et al. A prospective follow-up study of brain morphology and cognition in first-episode schizophrenic patients: preliminary findings. Biol. Psychiatry. 1995;38:349–360
  10. Friston KJ, Holmes AP, Worsley KJ, Poline JP, Frith CD, Frackowiak RSJ. Statistical parametric maps in functional imaging: a general linear approach. Hum. Brain Mapp. 1994;2:189–210
  11. Good CD, Johnsrude IS, Ashburner J, Henson RNA, Friston KJ, Frackowiak RSJ. A voxel-based morphometric study of ageing in 465 normal adult human brains. NeuroImage. 2001;14:21–36
  12. Hakak Y, Walker JR, Li C, Wong WH, Davis KL, Buxbaum JD, et al. Genome-wide expression analysis reveals dysregulation of myelination-related genes in chronic schizophrenia. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2001;98:4746–4751
  13. Ho B-C, Andreasen NC, Nopoulos P, Arndt S, Magnotta V, Flaum M. Progressive structural brain abnormalities and their relationship to clinical outcome: a longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging study early in schizophrenia. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry. 2003;60:585–594
  14. Hof PR, Haroutunian V, Copland C, Davis KL, Buxbaum JD. Molecular and cellular evidence for an oligodendrocyte abnormality in schizophrenia. Neurochem.l Res. 2002;27:1193–1200
  15. Honea R, Crow TJ, Passingham D, Mackay CE. Regional deficits in brain volume in schizophrenia: a meta-analysis of voxel-based morphometry studies. Am. J. Psychiatry. 2005;162:2233–2245
  16. Hulshoff Pol HE, Schnack HG, Bertens MGBC, van Haren NEM, van der Tweel I, Staal WG, et al. Volume changes in gray matter in patients with schizophrenia. Am. J. Psychiatr. 2002;159:244–250
  17. Kasai K, Shenton ME, Salisbury DF, Hirayasu Y, Onitsuka T, Spencer MH, et al. Progressive decrease of left heschl gyrus and planum temporale gray matter volume in first-episode schizophrenia: a longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging study. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry. 2003;60:766–775
  18. Lemieux L, Hagemann G, Krakow K, Woermann FG. Fast, accurate, and reproducible automatic segmentation of the brain in T1-weighted volume MRI data. Magn. Reson. Med. 1999;42:127–135
  19. Lieberman JA, Tollefson GD, Charles C, Zipursky R, Sharma T, Kahn RS, et al. Antipsychotic drug effects on brain morphology in first-episode psychosis. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry. 2005;62:361–370
  20. Madsen AL, Keiding N, Karle A, Esbjerg S, Hemmingsen R, Madsen A. Neuroleptics in progressive structural brain abnormalities in psychiatric illness. The Lancet. 1998;352:784–785
  21. Marcus DS, Wang TH, Parker J, Csernansky JG, Morris JC, Buckner RL. Open Access Series of Imaging Studies (OASIS): cross-sectional MRI data in young, middle aged, nondemented, and demented older adults. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 2007;19:1498–1507
  22. Mathalon DH, Sullivan EV, Lim KO, Pfefferbaum A. Progressive brain volume changes and the clinical course of schizophrenia in men: a longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging study. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry. 2001;58:148–157
  23. McIntosh AM, Job DE, Moorhead TWJ, Harrison LK, Forrester K, Lawrie SM, et al. Voxel-based morphometry of patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder and their unaffected relatives. Biol. Psychiatry. 2004;56:544–552
  24. Meda SA, Giuliani NR, Calhoun VD, Jagannathan K, Schretlen DJ, Pulver A, et al. A large scale (N=400) investigation of gray matter differences in schizophrenia using optimized voxel-based morphometry. Schizophr. Res. 2008;101:95–105
  25. Mehta S, Grabowski TJ, Trivedi Y, Damasio H. Evaluation of voxel-based morphometry for focal lesion detection in individuals. NeuroImage. 2003;20(3):1438–1454SU
  26. Meisenzahl EM, Koutsouleris N, Bottlender R, Scheuerecker J, Jäger M, Teipel SJ, et al. Structural brain alterations at different stages of schizophrenia: a voxel-based morphometric study. Schizophr. Res. 2008;104:44–60
  27. Paillère-Martinot M, Caclin A, Artiges E, Poline JB, Joliot M, Mallet L, et al. Cerebral gray and white matter reductions and clinical correlates in patients with early onset schizophrenia. Schizophr. Res. 2001;50:19–26
  28. Pakkenberg B. Pronounced reduction of total neuron number in mediodorsal thalamic nucleus and nucleus accumbens in schizophrenics. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry. 1990;47:1023–1028
  29. Pell GS, Briellmann RS, Chan CH, Pardoe H, Abbott DF, Jackson GD. Selection of the control group for VBM analysis: influence of covariates, matching and sample size. NeuroImage. 2008;41:1324–1335
  30. Pfefferbaum A, Zipursky RB. Neuroimaging studies of schizophrenia. Schizophr. Res. 1991;4:193–208
  31. Rapoport JL, Giedd JN, Blumenthal J, Hamburger S, Jeffries N, Fernandez T, et al. Progressive cortical change during adolescence in childhood-onset schizophrenia: a longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging study. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry. 1999;56:649–654
  32. Riello R, Sabattoli F, Beltramello A, Bonetti M, Bono G, Falini A, et al. Brain volumes in healthy adults aged 40 years and over: a voxel-based morphometry study. Aging Clin. Exp. Res. 2005;17:329–336
  33. Schaufelberger, M.S., Lappin, J.M., Duran, F.L.S., Rosa, P.G.P., Uchida, R.R., Santos, L.C., Murray, R.M., McGuire, P.K., Scazufca, M., Menezes, P.R., Busatto, G.F. submitted for publication Lack of progression of brain abnormalities in first-episode psychosis: a longitudinal MRI study over 15 months (submitted).
  34. Selemon LD, Rajkowska G, Goldman-Rakic PS. Abnormally high neuronal density in the schizophrenic cortex. A morphometric analysis of prefrontal area 9 and occipital area 17. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry. 1995;52:805–818discussion 819–820
  35. Shenton ME, Dickey CC, Frumin M, McCarley RW. A review of MRI findings in schizophrenia. Schizophr. Res. 2001;49:1–52
  36. Sigmundsson T, Suckling J, Maier M, Williams SCR, Bullmore ET, Greenwood KE, et al. Structural abnormalities in frontal, temporal, and limbic regions and interconnecting white matter tracts in schizophrenic patients with prominent negative symptoms. Am. J. Psychiatry. 2001;158:234–243
  37. Smith CD, Chebrolu H, Wekstein DR, Schmitt FA, Markesbery WR. Age and gender effects on human brain anatomy: a voxel-based morphometric study in healthy elderly. Neurobiol. Aging. 2007;28:1075–1087
  38. Steen, R.G., Mull, C., McClure, R., Hamer, R.M., Lieberman, J.A., 2006. Brain volume in first-episode schizophrenia: systematic review and meta-analysis of magnetic resonance imaging studies. The British Journal of Psychiatry: The Journal of Mental Science 188, 510–518.
  39. Vita A, Dieci M, Giobbio GM, Caputo A, Ghiringhelli L, Comazzi M, et al. Language and thought disorder in schizophrenia: brain morphological correlates. Schizophr. Res. 1995;15:243–251
  40. Ward KE, Friedman L, Wise A, Schulz SC. Meta-analysis of brain and cranial size in schizophrenia. Schizophr. Res. 1996;22:197–213
  41. Whitwell JL, Crum WR, Watt HC, Fox NC. Intracranial volume normalisation: implications for longitudinal quantitative MRI. Am. J. Neuroradiol. 2001;22:1483–1489
  42. Whitworth AB, Honeder M, Kremser C, Kemmler G, Felber S, Hausmann A, et al. Hippocampal volume reduction in male schizophrenic patients. Schizophr. Res. 1998;31:73–81
  43. Wilke M, Kaufmann C, Grabner A, Pütz B, Wetter TC, Auer DP. Gray matter-changes and correlates of disease severity in schizophrenia: a statistical parametric mapping study. NeuroImage. 2001;13:814–824
  44. Witthaus H, Brüne M, Kaufmann C, Bohner G, Ozgürdal S, Gudlowski Y, et al. White matter abnormalities in subjects at ultra high-risk for schizophrenia and first-episode schizophrenic patients. Schizophr. Res. 2008;102:141–149
  45. Woods BT, Yurgelun-Todd D, Benes FM, Frankenburg FR, Pope HG, McSparren J. Progressive ventricular enlargement in schizophrenia: comparison to bipolar affective disorder and correlation with clinical course. Biol. Psychiatry. 1990;27:341–352
  46. Wright IC, Ellison ZR, Sharma T, Friston KJ, Murray RM, McGuire PK. Mapping of grey matter changes in schizophrenia. Schizophr. Res. 1999;35:1–14
  47. Wright IC, Rabe-Hesketh S, Woodruff PWR, David AS, Murray RM, Bullmore ET. Meta-analysis of regional brain volumes in schizophrenia. Am. J. Psychiatry. 2000;157:16–25
  48. Zhou S-Y, Suzuki M, Takahashi T, Hagino H, Kawasaki Y, Matsui M, et al. Parietal lobe volume deficits in schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Schizophr. Res. 2007;89:35–48

PII: S0920-9964(09)00185-6

doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2009.04.023

Schizophrenia Research
Volume 112, Issue 1 , Pages 7-13 , July 2009

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution