Schizophrenia Research
Volume 89, Issue 1 , Pages 86-90 , January 2007

Minor physical anomalies across ethnic groups in a first episode psychosis sample

  • K. Dean

      Affiliations

    • Division of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Kings College London, UK
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. PO 23 Department of Forensic Mental Health Science, Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF UK. Tel.: +44 20 7848 0771; fax: +44 20 78480754.
    • ,
  • P. Dazzan

      Affiliations

    • Division of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Kings College London, UK
    • ,
  • T. Lloyd

      Affiliations

    • Division of Psychiatry, University of Nottingham, UK
    • ,
  • C. Morgan

      Affiliations

    • Division of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Kings College London, UK
    • ,
  • K. Morgan

      Affiliations

    • Division of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Kings College London, UK
    • ,
  • G.A. Doody

      Affiliations

    • Division of Psychiatry, University of Nottingham, UK
    • ,
  • G. Hutchinson

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry, University of West Indies, Trinidad, Trinidad and Tobago
    • ,
  • K. Orr

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Australia
    • ,
  • P.B. Jones

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
    • ,
  • R.M. Murray

      Affiliations

    • Division of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Kings College London, UK
    • ,
  • P. Fearon

      Affiliations

    • Division of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Kings College London, UK

Received 12 July 2006 ,Revised 15 August 2006 ,Accepted 19 August 2006.

References 

  1. Akabaliev VH, Sivkov ST. Sexual dimorphism in minor physical anomalies in schizophrenic patients and normal controls. Compr. Psychiatry. 2003;44:341–348
  2. American-Psychiatric-Association . Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Fourth edition. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press; 1994;
  3. Donovan-Lepore AM, Jaeger J, Czobor P, Abdelmessih S, Berns SM. Quantitative craniofacial anomalies in a racially mixed schizophrenia sample. Biol. Psychiatry. 2006;59:349–353
  4. Fearon P, Morgan C. Environmental factors in schizophrenia: the role of migrant studies. Schizophr. Bull. 2006;32:405–408
  5. Fearon, P., Kirkbride, J., Morgan, C., et al (in press). Incidence of schizophrenia and other psychoses in ethnic minority groups: Results from the MRC AESOP Study. Psychological Medicine (available online, 2006).
  6. Gualtieri CT, Adams A, Shen CD, Loiselle D. Minor physical anomalies in alcoholic and schizophrenic adults and hyperactive and autistic children. Am. J. Psychiatry. 1982;139:640–643
  7. Hutchinson G, Takei N, Bhugra D, et al. Increased rate of psychosis among African–Caribbeans in Britain is not due to an excess of pregnancy and birth complications. Br. J. Psychiatry. 1997;171:145–147
  8. Ismail B, Cantor-Graae E, McNeil TF. Minor physical anomalies in schizophrenia: cognitive, neurological and other clinical correlates. J. Psychiat. Res. 2000;34:45–56
  9. Lane A, Kinsella A, Murphy P, et al. The anthropometric assessment of dysmorphic features in schizophrenia as an index of its developmental origins. Psychol. Med. 1997;27:1155–1164
  10. Lloyd T, Doody G, Brewin J, Park B, Jones P. Minor physical anomalies in schizophrenia: is age a confounding factor?. Schizophr. Res. 2003;61:67–73
  11. McGrath JJ, van Os J, Hoyos C, Jones PB, Harvey I, Murray RM. Minor physical anomalies in psychoses: associations with clinical and putative aetiological variables. Schizophr. Res. 1995;18:9–20
  12. McGrath J, El-Saadi O, Grim V, et al. Minor physical anomalies and quantitative measures of the head and face in patients with psychosis. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry. 2002;59:458–464
  13. Morgan C, Dazzan P, Morgan K, et al. First episode psychosis and ethnicity: initial findings from the AESOP study. World Psychiatry. 2006;5:40–46
  14. Nelson HE, Willison JR. National Adult Reading Test (Part II) Test Manual. Windsor: NFER-NELSON; 1991;
  15. Sharpley M, Hutchinson G, McKenzie K, Murray RM. Understanding the excess of psychosis among the African–Caribbean population in England. Review of current hypotheses. Br. J. Psychiatry. 2001;(Suppl 40):s60–s68
  16. World-Health-Organisation (1994). Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (SCAN) — Version 2.0. Geneva: World Health Organisation.

PII: S0920-9964(06)00383-5

doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2006.08.019

Schizophrenia Research
Volume 89, Issue 1 , Pages 86-90 , January 2007

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