Schizophrenia Research
Volume 81, Issue 2 , Pages 125-137 , 31 January 2006

Spontaneous dyskinesia and familial liability to schizophrenia

Received 25 May 2005 ,Revised 16 September 2005 ,Accepted 19 September 2005.

References 

  1. Caligiuri MP, Lohr JB, Jeste DV. Parkinsonism in neuroleptic-naive schizophrenic patients. American Journal of Psychiatry. 1993;150(9):1343–1348
  2. Cannon-Spoor H, Potkin S, Wyatt R. Measurement of premorbid adjustment in chronic schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin. 1982;8(3):470–484
  3. Cardno AG, Marshall EJ, Coid B, Macdonald AM, Ribchester TR, Davies NJ, et al. Heritability estimates for psychotic disorders. Archives of General Psychiatry. 1999;56:162–168
  4. Cassady S, Adami H, Moran M, Kunkel R, Thaker GK. Spontaneous dyskinesias in subjects with schizophrenia spectrum personality disorders. American Journal of Psychiatry. 1998;155:70–75
  5. Chatterjee A, Chakos M, Koreen A, Geisler S, Sheitman B, Woerner M, et al. Prevalence and clinical correlates of extrapyramidal signs and spontaneous dyskinesia in never-medicated schizophrenic patients. American Journal of Psychiatry. 1995;152(12):1724–1729
  6. Chen R, Chen E, Mak F. Soft neurological signs in schizophrenic patients and their nonpsychotic siblings. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease. 2000;188:84–89
  7. Chorfi M, Moussaoui D. Lack of dyskinesias in unmedicated schizophrenics. Psychopharmacology. 1989;97:423
  8. Cohen J. Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences. 2nd ed.. Hillsdale, N.J.: Lawrence Earlbaum; 1987;
  9. Craver JC, Pogue-Geile MF. Familial liability to schizophrenia: a sibling study of negative symptoms. Schizophrenia Bulletin. 1999;25(4):827–839
  10. Egan MF, Hyde TM, Bonomo JB, Mattay VS, Bigelow LB, Goldberg TE, et al. Relative risk of neurological signs in siblings of patients with schizophrenia. American Journal of Psychiatry. 2001;158:1827–1834
  11. Endicott J, Spitzer RL. A diagnostic interview: the schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia. Archives of General Psychiatry. 1978;35:837–844
  12. Erlenmeyer-Kimling L. Neurobehavioral deficits in offspring of schizophrenic parents: liability indicators and predictors of illness. American Journal of Medical Genetics. 2001;97(1):65–71
  13. Erlenmeyer-Kimling L, Rock D, Roberts SA, Janal M, Kestenbaum C, Cornblatt B, et al. Attention, memory, and motor skills as childhood predictors of schizophrenia-related psychoses: the New York High-Risk Project. American Journal of Psychiatry. 2000;157(9):1416–1422
  14. Fenn DS, Moussaoui D, Hoffman WF, Kadri N, Bentounssi B, Tilane A, et al. Movements in never-medicated schizophrenics: a preliminary study. Psychopharmacology. 1996;123:206–210
  15. Fenton W. Prevalence of spontaneous dyskinesia in schizophrenia. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. 2000;61(Suppl 4):10–14
  16. Flyckt L, Sydow O, Bjerkenstedt L, Edman G, Rydin E, Wiesel F-A. Neurological signs and psychomotor performance in patients with schizophrenia, their relatives and healthy controls. Psychiatry Research. 1999;86:113–129
  17. Friedman JH. Historical perspectives on movement disorders. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. 2004;65(Suppl 9):3–8
  18. Gervin M, Browne S, Lane A, Clarke M, Waddington JL, Larkin C, et al. Spontaneous abnormal involuntary movements in first-episode schizophrenia and schizophreniform disorder: baseline rate in a group of patients from an Irish catchment area. American Journal of Psychiatry. 1998;155(9):1202–1206
  19. Gottesman II, Gould TD. The endophenotype concept in psychiatry: etymology and strategic intentions. American Journal of Psychiatry. 2003;160:636–645
  20. Gottesman II, Shields J. Schizophrenia and Genetics: A Twin Study Vantage Point. New York, NY: Academic Press; 1972;
  21. Hosmer DW, Lemeshow S. Applied Logistic Regression. New York NY: John Wiley & Sons; 1989;
  22. Ismail B, Cantor-Graae E, McNeil TF. Neurological abnormalities in schizophrenic patients and their siblings. American Journal of Psychiatry. 1998;155(1):84–89
  23. Kaufmann D. Clinical Neurology for Psychiatrists. 5th ed.. Philadelphia, PA: W.B. Saunders Company; 2001;
  24. Kendler KS. The super-normal control group in psychiatric genetics: possible artifactual evidence for coaggregation. Psychiatric Genetics. 1990;1:45–53
  25. Kinney DK, Woods BT, Yurgelun-Todd DM. Neurological abnormalities in schizophrenic patients and their families: II. Neurologic and psychiatric findings in relatives. Archives of General Psychiatry. 1986;43:665–668
  26. Kinney DK, Yurgelun-Todd DA, Woods BT. Hard neurologic signs and psychopathology in relatives of schizophrenic patients. Psychiatry Research. 1991;39:45–53
  27. MacDonald AW, Pogue-Geile MF, Debski TT, Manuck S. Genetic and environmental influences on schizotypy: a community-based twin study. Schizophrenia Bulletin. 2001;27(1):47–58
  28. McCreadie RG, Ohaeri JU. Movement disorder in never and minimally treated Nigerian schizophrenic patients. British Journal of Psychiatry. 1994;164:184–189
  29. McCreadie RG, Thara R, Kamath S, Padmavathi R, Latha S, Menon MS, et al. Abnormal movements in never-medicated Indian patients with schizophrenia. British Journal of Psychiatry. 1996;168(2):221–226
  30. McCreadie RG, Thara R, Srinivasan TN, Padmavathi R. Spontaneous dyskinesia in first-degree relatives of chronically ill, never-treated people with schizophrenia. British Journal of Psychiatry. 2003;183:45–49
  31. Noldus . The Observer Video Pro (Version 5.0). Leesburg, VA: Noldus Information Technology, Inc.; 2003;
  32. O'Donovan MC, Williams NM, Owen MJ. Recent advances in the genetics of schizophrenia. Human Molecular Genetics. 2003;12(2):R125–R133
  33. Owens DGC, Johnstone EC, Frith CD. Spontaneous involuntary disorders of movement. Archives of General Psychiatry. 1982;39:452–461
  34. Pfohl B, Stangl D, Zimmerman M. The Structured Interview for DSM-III Personality Disorders (SIDP). Iowa City, IA: University of Iowa Department of Psychiatry; 1982;
  35. Pogue-Geile MF. Schizophrenia spectrum disorders. In:  Cooper D editors. Encyclopedia of the Human Genome. vol. 5:Chichester, West Sussex: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.; 2003;p. 185–189
  36. Pogue-Geile, M. F., Gottesman, I. I. (in press). Schizophrenia: Study of a Genetically Complex Phenotype. In B. C. Jones, P. Mormede (Eds.), Neurobehavioral Genetics: Methods and Applications. New York, NY: CRC Press.
  37. Puri BK, Barnes TRE, Chapman MJ, Hutton SB, Joyce EM. Spontaneous dyskinesia in first episode schizophrenia. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry. 1999;66(1):76–78
  38. Rosso IM, Bearden CE, Hollister M, Gasperoni TM, Sanchez LE, Hadley T, et al. Childhood neuromotor dysfunction in schizophrenia patients and their unaffected siblings: a prospective cohort study. Schizophrenia Bulletin. 2000;26(2):367–378
  39. Spitzer RL, Endicott J, Robins E. Research diagnostic criteria: rationale and reliability. Archives of General Psychiatry. 1978;35:773–782
  40. Srinivasan TN, Thara R, Padmavathi R, McCreadie RG. Relationship of extrapyramidal symptoms to age at onset and drug treatment in middle-aged and elderly schizophrenic patients. Schizophrenia Research. 2001;47:69–75
  41. Walker EF, Savole T, Davis D. Neuromotor precursors of schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin. 1994;20(3):441–451
  42. Walker E, Lewis N, Loewy R, Palyo S. Motor dysfunction and risk for schizophrenia. Development and Psychopathology. 1999;11:509–523
  43. Yazici AH, Demir B, Yazici KM, Gogus A. Neurological soft signs in schizophrenic patients and their nonpsychotic siblings. Schizophrenia Research. 2002;58:241–246

PII: S0920-9964(05)00457-3

doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2005.09.013

Schizophrenia Research
Volume 81, Issue 2 , Pages 125-137 , 31 January 2006

Article Tools